![]() ![]() The similarities may be related to global climatic conditions. The correlation indicates that similarities exist between the main paleoenvironmental events in the Gulf of Suez and Central Paratethys, even though they were located in different climatic zones and were controlled by different tectonic events. We then employed benthic foraminifera to describe the pa-leoenvironmental conditions in the Gulf of Suez and to correlate the results with other successions (e.g., Alpine Foreland Basin, Molasse Basin, Altdorf Section and the Austrian part) in the Central Paratethys. We used the planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of this section to classify these sediments into four previously established planktic foraminiferal biozones: M2, M3, M5, and M6. In this study, we examine a 750-m-thick section of lower to middle Miocene sediments penetrated by an exploration well named ARM-36 drilled in the central eastern part of the Gulf of Suez. The finding that the sediment infill sequence above the Carboniferous basement is not older than about 20 ka strongly suggests that the Golden Horn Estuary acquired its present-day morphology during the late glacial–Holocene period. It has become a highly polluted environment with marked anthropogenic inputs during the last millennium. a B.P., possibly during a distinct pluvial period, as shown by coarse siliciclastic sediments deposited on the flanks. The estuary was influenced by large fluvial inputs between 5,600 and 1,000 cal. was most likely caused by Mediterranean water outflow into the Black Sea through the Istanbul Strait. a B.P., with suboxic/dysoxic bottom-water conditions. Normal marine salinities prevailed at ca. It subsequently became gradually influenced by marine waters, and was a brackish-water environment until 9,500 cal. Chronostratigraphic and paleontological analyses of the infill sequence indicate that the GHE was a fluvial channel prior to 13,500 cal. The sedimentary infill of the GHE is 15–46 m thick, deposited unconformably above the turbiditic sandstones of the Carboniferous Trakya Formation. The historical Golden Horn Estuary (GHE), near the confluence of the Istanbul Strait (Bosphorus) and the Sea of Marmara in the European part of Istanbul, has been used as a natural harbor since 330 a.d. ![]() This cluster is further subdivided into three subclusters that reflect brackish surface flow (influenced by low salinity, higher temperature), pycnocline (rising salinity, falling temperature) and infra-littoral to circa-littoral transitional environments (higher oxygen from the Mediterranean countercurrent and the subsurface chlorophyll maximum), respectively. Cluster C (15–50m) is characterized by neritic species typical of the infra-littoral environment. Cluster B (140–350m) is characterized by deep-infaunal dysoxic and suboxic species indicative of circa-littoral and upper epibathyal environments and strongly related to low dissolved oxygen values and increased water depth. Cluster A (55–130 m) is characterized by species typical of muddy substrates in the circa-littoral zone and related to declining dissolved oxygen values. Environmental parameters collected at each sampling station allowed the correlation between foraminiferal clusters and watermass characteristics, such as water depth, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Q-mode cluster and canonical correspondence analyses performed on the foraminiferal species abundance data revealed three clusters. No.A total of 200 calcareous benthic foraminiferal species were identified in 30 surface samples collected across a depth transect in the southwestern Marmara Sea. If you want a new game key just click on the “ Get It Free” button and follow the simple instructions. List of legit free Steam keys for our users.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |